Protocol of Performance in Premature Newborns: Reality in the Faro´s Hospital
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25759/spmfr.237Keywords:
Child Development, Clinical Protocols, Infant, Low Birth Weight, Premature, Motor Skills Disorders/ prevention & control, Psychomotor PerformanceAbstract
Introduction: Our objective is to let know the Protocol of Performance in Prematurity that has been in use a Central Hospital since September 2014.
Methodology: The protocol begins before discharge from the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) with a neuro-motor evaluation by pediatric rehabilitation physician and neurodevelopment therapist: (1) Individual therapy: < 29 weeks of gestation or ≤1500 g or neurological disorders and / or potential risks for a non-normalized psychomotor development; (2) Orientation group of preterm newborns: 29- 34 weeks of gestation and > 1500 g. The orientation group is conducted at the Hospital in 5 sessions (after discharge at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months corrected age), under the guidance of a multidisciplinary team and focusing on psychomotor development and the relationship parents/caregivers-baby.
Results: From September 2014 until the end of 2016, a total of 26 groups were selected, with an average of 6 infants per group, making a total of 145 infants, 42 of whom entered into an individual intervention program at some time of follow-up in the prevention program. The losses (by refusal, change of residence or abandonment) were zero in 2014, six in 2015 and three in 2016.
Discussion: The majority of the studies carried out to date use an intervention methodology in preterm newborns infants in the home environment, under the guidance of only one professional, focusing only on psycho-motor development and with a weekly and / or monthly observation frequency up to 2 years of life. The main conclusion of all the studies reflects that there are no significant differences in motor outcome in babies with and without preventive intervention. However, they do not focus their evaluation on minor motor deficits (prevalence of about 50%), nor on the capacity for functional modification / re-structuring and social participation.
Conclusion: Our protocol follows the follow-up guidelines for risky newborns, but differs from the protocols of scientific studies carried out. It is intended, in the future, to evaluate in a structured way, with developmental scales, the psychomotor outcome of these babies.
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