Physiology of balance
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25759/spmfr.42Abstract
Purpose: To know the factors that influence balance and postural control, as the associations andinterconnections between the sensitive-sensorial system, Central Nervous System (CNS) and neuromuscularresponse.
Material and Methods: It was done a literature review with published books and databases.
Results: The postural control is essential to the maintainance of the balance. The obtainment of sensorial informationsoccurs through the visual, vestibular and somatosensory systems and they are conducted to the CNS, where theyare integrated and processed by the brain, cerebellum, basal ganglia and brainstem. Numerous descending andascending pathways depart and pass through from the brainstem which will regulate the tonus, the movementsand several reflexes.
Conclusions: The human body is in a constant search of balance, whose control involves acomplex net of pathways, allowing the “central comand” (CNS) to be constantly modified and regulated by theperipheral feedback. The balance is a multiorganic function that requires a global approach.
Keywords: physiology; postural balance
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